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PAPILLON — BREED DESCRIPTION & INFORMATION
Breed Description / Health Issues / Breed Standards / Grooming / Training / Additional Information
Breed Description
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| Breed Registries: |
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Note: The breed registries indicated above are the most recognized all-breed registries. The breed may be recognized by other registries not indicated here. For further details about dog registries, please see the document: Dog Breed Registries in North America.
* — The Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) is the World Canine Organisation, which includes members (one member per country) that each issue their own pedigrees and train their own judges. The FCI recognizes 332 breeds, with each being the "property" of a specific country. The FCI is not a breed registry nor does it issue pedigrees. |
| Origin: |
France, Belgium |
| Height: |
8 to 11 inches (20 to 28 cm) |
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A Brief History of the Papillon Breed:
The Papillon, previously known as the "Dwarf Spaniel", is believed to have originated in France but became very popular in both Italy and Spain and was a favourite among the ladies of the court around the 17th and 18th centuries. The breed is one of the oldest of the toy breeds. The breed's name was given in France due to the distinctive ears which resemble the wings of a butterfly — Papillon is the french word for butterfly.
Breed Profile:
In European countries the Papillon is known as "Épagneul nain continental" or "Continental Toy Spaniel" with two breed types: the Phalène which has drop-ears and the Papillon with erect-ears.
He is a small, elegant, happy, alert and friendly Toy dog. A wonderful family companion, neither shy nor aggressive, but very protective of his family and home. Despite his elegant and dainty appearance, he is a good watchdog who will always alert to strangers.
The Papillon is very trainable and is seen participating in several areas of competition, including the show ring, obedience, agility, tracking and even herding. In addition, his temperament and need for human companionship make him an ideal candidate to work in such areas as Therapy and Service Dog.
The Papillon's distinguishing characteristic from other breeds is the butterfly-like ears. There are two varieties: the erect and drop type. Both types should be large with rounded tips and set on the sides and toward the back of the head. Ears of the erect type move like the spread wings of a butterfly. The drop-ear type, known as the Phalène (French for a moth that droops its wings) are similar to the erect type but are carried drooping and completely down. It should be noted also that both drop-eared and erect-eared types can be born from the same litter.
He has an abundant amount of long, fine, silky hair with a profuse frill on the chest. His colouring is always parti-colour or white with patches of any colour. On his head, a colour other than white should cover both ears and eyes and a white blaze on the face helps to emphasize the butterfly look.
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Health Issues:
Papillons are generally a healthy and long-lived breed, often remaining active and playful well into their teens. However, like all breeds, they have been known to have some genetic problems. If you are considering the adoption of a Papillon puppy, or any breed, it is very important to be selective in choosing a responsible and reputable breeder. Ensure that the prospective puppy's parents have all health clearances. Breeding of any dog should not be done until after they have been proven to be free of evidence of significant hereditary diseases. (For more information on selecting a breeder, see the articles on the main Breed Listing and Breeders page.)
The Papillon is also among the more anesthetic-sensitive breeds. Always discuss this with your Veterinarian prior to any surgery.
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Breed Standards:
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AKC PAPILLON VIDEO
21 Min. Video Edition, Published by the AKC
Discussion of the breed standard: good structure and movement, acceptable colors, correct head, size. Developed for breeders, exhibitors and judges.
— Available from Dogwise.com
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Grooming:
Although the Papillon is often referred to as the "wash and wear" dog, this does not mean that no grooming is required. The Papillon's long silky hair should be brushed and combed daily.
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Training Resources:
- Toy Breeds—Housebreaking
- Training — For information on training your Papillon, see this growing section of Canada's Guide to Dogs for tips, information and articles, as well as listings of training centres across Canada.
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Additional Information:
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PAPILLON ANNUAL
by Hoflin
For breeders, competitors, and serious enthusiasts who enjoy pouring over photos and up-to-date articles relating to breeding, health, genetics, and training.
— Available from Dogwise.com
For Additional Titles, please see the Books & Merchandise section.
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